Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - American Samoa (2008)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z American Samoa (2008)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)	American Samoa (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island, Swains Island, Western
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 33.6% (male 10,049/female 9,345) 15-64 years: 63.5% (male 19,041/female 17,556) 65 years and over: 2.9% (male 606/female 1,066) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock
Airports	5 (2002)	3 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 3 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 199 sq km land: 199 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	21.83 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants) expenditures: $127 million (FY96/97)
Capital	Stanley	name: Pago Pago geographic coordinates: 14 16 S, 170 42 W time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October); little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	1,288 km	116 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	ratified 2 June 1966, effective 1 July 1967
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa conventional short form: American Samoa abbreviation: AS
Currency	Falkland pound (FKP)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	3.24 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of the US)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of the US)
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force	Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island (Olohega) in its 2006 draft constitution
Economic aid - recipient	none	important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	American Samoa has a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US with which American Samoa conducts most of its commerce. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism is a promising developing sector.
Electricity - consumption	15.19 million kWh (2001)	167.4 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	16.33 million kWh (2001)	180 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Lata Mountain 964 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines
Ethnic groups	British	native Pacific islander 92.9%, Asian 2.9%, white 1.2%, mixed 2.8%, other 0.2% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003) cabinet: Cabinet made up of 12 department directors elections: under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as American Samoa, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 2 and 16 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008) election results: Togiola TULAFONO elected governor; percent of vote - Togiola TULAFONO 55.7%, Afoa Moega LUTU 44.3%
Exports	NA (2001)	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	canned tuna 93% (2004 est.)
Exports - partners	Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002)	Indonesia 28.2%, India 22.3%, Australia 15.3%, Japan 11.2%, NZ 7.1% (2006)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club
GDP	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	3% (2003)
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	14 20 S, 170 00 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean
Highways	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA (2001)	3,807 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6% (2004 est.)
Imports - partners	UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002)	Australia 66%, Samoa 13.8%, NZ 10.8% (2006)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (territory of the US)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	total: 8.88 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.47 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	NA%
International organization participation	ICFTU	Interpol (subbureau), IOC, SPC, UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)
Labor force	1,100 (est.)	17,630 (2005)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)	agriculture: 34% industry: 33% services: 33% (1990)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)	arable land: 10% permanent crops: 15% other: 75% (2005)
Languages	English	Samoan 90.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 2.9%, Tongan 2.4%, other Pacific islander 2.1%, other 2% note: most people are bilingual (2000 census)
Legal system	English common law	NA
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout	bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats; 20 members are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; to serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs to serve four-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held in November 2008); Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independents 18 note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held on 7 November 2006 (next to be held in November 2008); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA reelected as delegate
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 76.25 years male: 72.69 years female: 80.02 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 98% female: 97% (1980 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand
Map references	South America	Oceania
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches	British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Flag Day, 17 April (1900)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: American Samoan(s) (US nationals) adjective: American Samoan
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	typhoons common from December to March
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	pumice, pumicite
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	-21.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Democratic Party [Oreta M. TOGAFAU]; Republican Party [Tautai A. F. FAALEVAO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	2,967 (July 2003 est.)	57,663 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.44% (2003 est.)	-0.262% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.075 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.085 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.568 male(s)/female total population: 1.062 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: NA domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station international: country code - 1-684; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat-Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	10,400 (2004)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	2,200 (2004)
Television broadcast stations	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)	1 (2006)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	3.07 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage	29.8% (2005)
Waterways	none	-

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